| |
|
SAIN Invasive Plant Pests Resource Collection for Miscanthus sinensis
Common name: Miscanthus
| Title: Leaf frost sensitivity of five Miscanthus genotypes in an artificial freeze test. |
| Author: Clifton-Brown-J-C {a}; Lewandowski-I {a}. |
| Source: Journal-of-Experimental-Botany. May, 1999; 50 (SUPPL.): 44. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1999 |
| Abstract: |
| Title: Interspecific differences in above-ground growth patterns result in spatial and temporal partitioning of light among species in a tall-grass meadow. |
| Author: Anten-Niels-PR; Hirose-Tadaki. |
| Source: Journal-of-Ecology. Aug., 1999; 87 (4): 583-597. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1999 |
| Abstract: We compared allometric growth patterns, canopy structure and light interception for individual shoots of different species in a tall-grass meadow. 2 The vertical distributions of above-ground biomass, leaf area, height and leaf angles were measured, both early and late in the season, for individual shoots of Miscanthus sinensis (the dominant species), Lespedeza bicolor, Lysimachia clethroides, Astilbe thunbergii and Potentilla freyniana. A canopy model was developed to calculate light absorption by individual shoots. Light absorption per unit mass (PHImass) was used to quantify the efficiency with which plants utilized biomass to capture light. 3 The leaf mass ratio (LMR), average specific leaf area (SLA) and therefore the leaf area ratio (LAR) decreased with shoot height and light availability. Light absorption per unit leaf area (PHIarea) increased with shoot height, and this increase was observed to be much stronger at greater than at smaller shoot heights. 4In the taller species (Miscanthus and Lespedeza) PHImass (the product of LAR and PHIarea) increased, while in the shortest species (Potentilla) it decreased with shoot height. Clones of Miscanthus and Lespedeza may thus increase total light capture by allocating shoot biomass among fewer taller shoots, and a clone of Potentilla by producing a larger number of shorter shoots. 5 Shoots of the shorter species were equally efficient in capturing light (i.e. they had similar PHImass) early in the season, but less efficient later in the season than shoots of the taller species. Shorter species appear to be able to use the earlier part of the season for efficient light capture, while shoots of taller species gain an advantage from their height later in the season. 6 This study shows how different above-ground growth patterns of the species in a tall-grass meadow allow them to use different positions in vertical space and different periods of the season to absorb lightefficiently. This is a clear example of niche separation and helps to explain the coexistence of these species. |
| Title: Fusarium miscanthi sp. nov. from Miscanthus litter. |
| Author: Gams-W; Klamer-M; O'-Donnell-K. |
| Source: Mycologia-. March-April, 1999; 91 (2): 263-268. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1999 |
| Abstract: Fusarium miscanthi sp. nov. was isolated from straw of Japanese silver grass, Miscanthus sinensis, buried in a Danish soil. It is characterized by long chains of microconidia which can be either pyriform or fusiform and are produced on polyphialides. Perithecia were not obtained in mating experiments. A strongly supported F. miscanthi-F. nisikadoi clade forms a putative sister group to the Fusarium oxysporum complex. These two clades form a strongly supported sister group to the Gibberella fujikuroi complex. Presumably F. miscanthi has been introduced into Denmark from Asia together with the grass. |
| Title: Semi-natural pasture resources and their management in East Asia: Modern trends in ecology and environment. |
| Author: Numata-Makoto {a}. |
| Source: 1998; : 233-240. BAmbasht-R-S: Ed Backhuys Publishers, P. O. Box 321, 2300 AH, Leiden, The Netherlands. |
| Source Type: Book |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on adjacent semi-natural grasslands with different vegetation in Japan. |
| Author: Murakoshi-Tomomi; Tojo-Motoaki; Walker-Christopher; Saito-Masanori. |
| Source: Mycoscience-. Dec. 15, 1998; 39 (4): 455-462. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on Japanese semi-natural grasslands were investigated at three adjacent sites with different vegetation. The predominant grasses at the three sites were 1) Pleioblastus chino, 2) Miscanthus sinensis and Arundinella hirta (M. sinensis/A. hirta), and 3) Zoysia japonica, respectively. The degree of colonization was higher in M. sinensis/A. hirta than in P. chino and Z. japonica. AM fungi were recovered by spore extraction and by pot cultures started from soil inoculum or from transplanting of field plants. Total spore number obtained by the spore extraction method was highest in the rhizosphere of M. sinensis/A. hirta and lowest in that of P. chino. A Glomus sp. resembling G. geosporum predominated in association with M. sinensis/A. hirta and P. chino. From Z. japonica, three species, Acaulospora gerdemannii, Glomus leptotichum, and a species resembling G. clarum, were isolated by pot culture from soil and two species, A. longula and Scutellospora cerradensis, by pot culture from transplanting of Z. japonica. From M. sinensis/A. hirta, one species, A. longula, was found by pot culture from soil. From P. chino, no AM fungus was detected by either method. Single-spore culture confirmed that G. leptotichum and A. gerdemannii are conspecific. |
| Title: Are ornamental grasses acceptable alternative for low maintenance landscapes? |
| Author: Wolfe-June-Iii; Zajicek-J-M. |
| Source: Journal-of-Environmental-Horticulture. March, 1998; 16 (1) 8-11. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: A survey instrument was designed to determine public perception of selected landscape (ornamental) grass species, the use of grasses in public landscapes, and the importance of research on the water consumption. Results from the survey indicate that 90% of the respondents felt that grasses have landscape (ornamental) value, and 96% felt that municipalities should utilize these plant materials in public landscapes. In addition, 92% of the respondents deemed research on the water conserving abilities of landscape grasses important and 96% would use them if they helped conserve water. When specific grass species were rated for preference by the respondents, statistical differences were noted between the two field sites, survey dates, and desirability of individual species. Grasses located at the site where plants were allowed a longer establishment period had significantly higher visual rankings. Summer visual ratings of grasses were significantly higher than fall ratings. Native Texas and introduced species were rated equally in desirability. Overall the most popular species was Purple Fountaingrass (Pennisetum macrostachyum) with 96% of survey participants agreeing or strongly agreeing that they would use it in their personal landscape. Big Bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) was the least popular species with only a 46% positive rating. |
| Title: Changes in the species diversity, H', of Miscanthus-type grassland in relation to vegetational change by grazing. |
| Author: Yamamoto-Y, Yagi-T; Saito-Y; Kirita-H. |
| Source: Grassland-Science. July, 1998; 44 (2) 122-126. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: Under the grazing condition, the vegetation on Miscanthus-type grassland changes to Zoysia-type grassland. In relation to vegetational change of Miscanthus-type grassland, changes in the species diversity, H', were calculated. In accordance with grazing, the species diversity raised as the extended summed dominance ratio of Miscanthus sinensis fell. However, after continuous grazing, M. sinensis declined and the species diversity fell as the raise of the extended summed dominance ratio of Zoysia japonica. Under the grazing condition, the species diversity of grassland showed the maximum value when the extended summed dominance ratio of M. sinensis and Z. japonica were about medium value. |
| Title: Studies on the characteristics of element contents in the dominant plant species of the three-gorges region in China. |
| Author: He-Jin-Sheng; Chen-Wei-Lie; Wang-Qi-Bing. |
| Source: Acta-Botanica-Sinica. May, 1998; 40 (5) 453-460. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: The characteristics of the contents of 20 elements (Al, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, K, S, Si, P, Cd, Cu, Zn, Ti, Ni, Sr, Mo, Na, B, Cr, V) in 16 plant species collected from the Three Gorges Region in China were investigated. The average contents of Ca, K and Mg were higher than 1000 mugcntdotg-1, that of Al, P, Si, Fe, S and Mn ranged between 100-1000 mugcntdotg-1 and Ti, Cu, Ni, Cr, Mo, Cd and V were less than 10 mug cntdot g-1. The level of Na content was less than that of the reported. The main character of the element contents was of the Ca > K type. The contents of P, S, Ca and K in different plant samples showed a normal distribution pattern, while Al and Mn showed a elements lognormal distribution pattern. Plant species differed greatly in the element contents. On analyzing the coefficient of variation (C. V., %), Al, Mn, Mg, Ni, Sr and Fe had higher C. V., while the C. V. of K, S, P, Cr, Cd and Cu was less than 60%, and Cu had the lowest C. V. The correlations between Al and Fe, Al and Ti, Al and Cr, Al and V, Cd and Sr, Cd and Mo, Fe and V, Zn and Cr, Ni and Sr, Mg and Ni, Mo and Sr, Ca and Sr, Cr and Mo, Na and Mg, Na and P, P and S were statistically significant in different plant species. The classification of the 16 plant species and 20 elements by two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) method may suggest the difference in element contents of the different plant species. |
| Title: Changes in Elementary Composition and Humus Composition in the Burning Process of Susuki (Miscanthus sinensis A.) Plants at Various Temperatures. |
| Author: Honma, H. , Marumoto, T. , Shindo, H. |
| Source: Nihon dojo hiryogaku zasshi. , OCT 01 1998 v 69 n 5. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Comparison of humus composition of charred susuki (Eulalia, Miscanthus sinensis) plants before and after HNO3 treatment. |
| Author: Shindo-Haruo, Honma-Hiromi. |
| Source: Soil-Science-and-Plant-Nutrition. Dec., 1998; 44 (4) 675-678. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Ordination of vegetation of Miscanthus-type grassland under the some artificial pressure. |
| Author: Yamamoto-Yoshito, Saito-Yoshimitsu; Kirita-Hiromitsu; Hayashi-Haruo; Nishimura-Noboru. |
| Source: Grassland-Science. 1997; 42 (4) 307-314. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1997 |
| Abstract: Vegetation of Miscanthus-type grassland located in Kanto region of Japan and subjected to artificial pressure such as cutting, burning, and grazing were investigated in the fixed quadrates for 20 years. Community data, as represented by the extended summed dominance ratio, E-SDR2, was ordinated by principal component analysis. The first component, characterized by Miscanthus sinensis and Zoysia japonica, indicated the effect of grazing. The second component, characterized by trees, indicated natural succession. Yearly vegetational data for each plot was plotted on these two component axes. The vegetation of each plot was distributed depending on the kind of artificial pressure. |
| Title: Genetic diversity of European Miscanthus species revealed by AFLP fingerprinting. |
| Author: Greef,-J.M.; Deuter,-M.; Jung,-C.; Schondelmaier,-J. |
| Source: GENET.-RESOUR.-CROP-EVOL. 1997 vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 185-195. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1997 |
| Abstract: The genetic diversity of European species of Miscanthus was analyzed by AFLP technique. The genetic similarity based on six primer combinations yielded about 200 data points. The plant material included 11 clones of M. sinensis. 2 clones of M. sacchariflorus and 31 accessions of M. x giganteus. Furthermore 4 hybrids were created by crossing M. sinensis with M. sacchariflorus clones. Two clusters were found represented by M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus clones. The M. x giganteus accessions clustered under M. sacchariflorus. A very low genetic diversity was found in the M. x giganteus pool. No polymorphism was detected between micro- and rhizome-propagated M. x giganteus accessions. Many of the M. sacchariflorus clones sampled in Botanical Gardens turned out to be M. x giganteus clones. In the hybridization of M. sinensis and M. sacchariflorus material, self-fertilization of the M. sinensis clones was determined by application of the AFLP technique. In the M. sinensis pool a typical diversification of hybrids was detected according to ornamental selection by horticulture breeders. The AFLP technique is an adequate and powerful tool to evaluate genetic diversification, to analyse the success of hybridizations and to find wrong classifications. |
| Title: Seed viability in Miscanthus grown in different hardiness zones. |
| Author: Tchida-Courtney-L; Meyer-Mary-H. |
| Source: Hortscience-. 1997; 32 (3) 470. (1997 94th Annual International Conference of the American Society for Horticultural Science, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA, July 23-26, 1997). |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1997 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Vegetation dynamics of abandoned paddy fields and their levee slopes in mountainous regions of central Japan. |
| Author: Ohkuro-Toshiya; Matsuo-Kazuhito; Nemoto-Masayuki. |
| Source: Japanese-Journal-of-Ecology-Sendai. 1996; 46 (3) 245-256. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1996 |
| Abstract: Successional patterns of vegetation on abandoned paddy fields and their levee slopes were analyzed in mountainous regions of central Japan. The samples were classified into two types, the Miscanthus sinensis type and Phragmites australis type, at the first division level of TWINSPAN, based on the dominant species regardless of location or fallow duration. The M. sinensis type occurred at dry sites on convex slopes and the P. australis type at wet sites on concave slopes. M. sinensis and P. australis have dominated paddy field stands for 20 years. Both the clump size and litter accumulation of M. sinensis increased with fallow duration, and this litter effect would be one of the important factors related to the long-term dominance of M. sinensis. During 20 years of fallow in the M. sinensis type, however, woody species invaded the gaps among the M. sinensis clumps. As individuals of M. sinensis become clumped and form heterogeneous spatial patterns including gaps, seeds dispersed from the levee slope vegetation and surrounding forests and/or buried seeds may establish themselves. On levee slopes, most stands were of the M. sinensis type, and dominated by woody species except in those that had lain fallow for three years. These results suggest that the succession of abandoned paddy fields in the surveyed regions is affected by soil moisture conditions related to micro-landform, litter accumulation, the growth form of dominant species and the levee slope vegetation as a seed source. |
| Title: Miscanthus blight, a new foliar disease of ornamental grasses and sugarcane incited by Leptosphaeria sp. and its anamorphic state Stagonospora sp. |
| Author: O'-Neill,-N.R.; Farr,-D.F. |
| Source: PLANT-DIS. 1996 vol. 80, no. 9, pp. 980-987. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1996 |
| Abstract: Leaf spot and leaf blight were observed on the ornamental grass Miscanthus sinensis during the late summer and fall of 1993, 1994, and 1995 in three counties in Maryland. Severe disease symptoms occurred on residential landscape plants, nursery container stock, and commercial plantings of Miscanthus sinensis, M. s. var. gracillimus, M. s. var. variegatus, and M. s. var. zebrinus. The disease is characterized by reddish brown spots to oval streaks on leaves and sheaths. Leaf margins, leaf tips, and older leaves become necrotic. Younger plants become completely necrotic. Pycnidia and conidia of a species of Stagonospora with a Leptosphaeria teleomorph were observed on naturally infected necrotic Miscanthus leaves. The fungus was readily isolated in pure culture from affected plant parts. The fungus is homothallic, and both the anamorphic and teleomorphic states were produced on inoculated Miscanthus and sugarcane foliage, and on autoclaved sugarcane leaves. The anamorph may be morphologically distinct from other Stagonospora pathogens described from sugarcane, but the teleomorph is similar to Leptosphaeria taiwanensis (anamorph Stagonospora tainanensis), cause of sugarcane leaf blight. In growth chamber inoculations, conidia produced by the Miscanthus fungus and by S. tainanensis from sugarcane were highly virulent and caused similar blight symptoms on four Miscanthus varieties and six sugarcane clones. Sugarcane leaf blight is a serious disease in Taiwan but has not been reported from the United States. The name proposed for the new disease on Miscanthus is Miscanthus blight, caused by Leptosphaeria sp. and its conidial state Stagonospora sp. |
| Title: Potential aphid pests of the biomass crop Miscanthus. |
| Author: Huggett-D-A-J. |
| Source: Brighton crop protection conference: Pests and diseases, 1996, Vols. 1-3. 1996; : 3) 427-428. BRITISH-CROP-PROTECTION-COUNCIL: British Crop Protection Council (BCPC), 49 Downing Street, Farnham GU9 7PH, England. |
| Source Type: Report |
| Publication Date: 1996 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Studies on mixed-seeding of native woody and herb species. |
| Author: Jeong-Gi-Seong {a}; Woo-Bo-Myeong. |
| Source: Journal-of-Korean-Forestry-Society. 1996; 85 (2) 271-279. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1996 |
| Abstract: This study was conducted to find out the appropriate rates of mixed-seeding of native woody and herb species. It was carried out in greenhouse from 1994 to 1995. The early days germination individuals were 60no./m-2 in case of woody species for mixed seeding treatment and the treatments were fertilization, soil surface treatment, seeding amount. The investigation factors are the number of individuals of woody and herb species, biomass, height, number of tillers, etc. The mean individuals of Lespedeza bicolor and Amorpha fruticosa were investigated 1.14 no./m-2, 0.496 no./m-2 in 1995, and Spiraea prunifolia var. simpliciflora and Alnus hirsuta were withering to death. In 1995, the Individuals of Oenothera odorata, Themeda triandra var. japonica, Cymbopogon tortilis var. goeringii, Miscanthus sinensis, Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Lespedeza cuneata, and Arundinella hirta were investigated 5.06 no./m-2, 1,072 no./m-2, 0 no./m-2, 412.53 no./m2, 88.6 no./m-2, 8.9 no./m-2, 57.46 no./m-2, respectively, in case of herb species. The height and biomass of Lespedeza bicolor and Amorpha fruticosa showed very fast growth, and those of Themeda triandra var. japonica, Miscanthus sinensis had a similar tendency. For the changes in woody species, according to the seeding amount, there was no significant relationship between species, but It was highly significant in 1995. In case of the herb species, the relationship between the number of individuals and seeding amount was significant for both 1994 and 1995. The most number of tiller was Miscanthus sinensis(21), and showed Themeda triandra var. japonica, Arundinella hirta in descending order. For the mixed seeding of wood and herb species, the number of individuals, height, biomass, tiller of herb species diminished as the seeding amount of herb species increased. It can be concluded that using Lespedeza bicolor and Amorpha fruticosa for woody species and like Arundinella hirta in herb species will be efficient for revegetation measures. It seems, therefore, that the plants of revegetation methods will be used to Lespedeza bicolor, Amorpha fruticosa and Arundinella hirta, and further study is needed on the seeding amount. |
| Title: The effect of cattle grazing on seed production in Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. |
| Author: Nishiwaki-Aya; Sugawara-Kazuo; Ito-Iwao. |
| Source: Grassland-Science. 1996; 42 (1) 47-51. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1996 |
| Abstract: To study the effect of cattle grazing on the seed production in Miscanthus sinensis which is a native perennial and wind-pollinated grass, the intra- and inter variation of the seed production and components of seed production were investigated in three native grasslands dominated by M. sinensis with a different years of grazing at Kawatabi farm in Tohoku University. The seed production of M. sinensis decreased with increase of grazing. This was mainly depend on the decrease of inflorescence density and number of flowers per inflorescence. The seed-set ratio of M. sinensis did not suffered definite effect from grazing. There were considerable variations for the seed production, inflorescence density, number of flowers per inflorescence and seed-set ratio in each grassland. The coefficient variances of seed production and inflorescence density increased with increase of grazing. But the coefficient variance of seed-set ratio did not increase with increase of grazing. The effects of grazing on inflorescence density and number of flowers per inflorescence were very remarkable. By contrary, the effect of grazing on seed-set ratio was very small. It is supposed that the variation |
| Title: Endogenous gibberellins in Aeginetia indica, a parasitic plant, and its host, Miscanthus sinensis. |
| Author: Suwa-Hiroaki; Suzuki-Yoshihito {a}; Zhang-Yun-Hui; Murofushi-Noboru; Takeuchi-Yasutomo. |
| Source: Bioscience-Biotechnology-and-Biochemistry. 1995; 59 (9) 1712-1715. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: Endogenous gibberellins in a parasitic plant, Aeginetia indica L., and its host, Miscanthus sinensis Andress (eulalia) were analyzed. Gibberellins of the early-non-hydroxylation pathway and their putative metabolites were identified as the major endogenous gibberellins from both types of A. indica parasitizing M. sinensis and parasitizing Oryza sativa L. (rice). Members of both the early-non- and early-13-hydroxylation pathways were detected in the host M. sinensis. Since the early-13-hydroxylation pathway has been reported to be the major pathway operating in vegetative tissues of O. sativa, these results suggest that A. indica can biosynthesize gibberellins independent of its hosts. |
| Title: Characteristics of small-scale heterogeneity in light availability within a Miscanthus sinensis canopy. |
| Author: Tang,-Yanhong; Washitani,-I. |
| Source: ECOL.-RES. 1995 vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 189-197. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: To examine the small-scale variations in light and space availability, photon flux density (PFD) at 20 cm aboveground was measured at 2 cm intervals along each of four 160 cm horizontal transects under an overcast sky condition in a Miscanthus sinensis Anderss grass canopy. Two characteristics were identified for the variation patterns of PFD penetration along transects; the predominant variations of PFD penetration prevailed at the scales usually larger than 10 cm, and the point-to-point fluctuations occurred everywhere. Spatial autocorrelation coefficients of PFD penetration along transects were highly positive (>0.5) over the lag distances from 2 to 6 cm, while those of the point-to-point fluctuations exhibited a random series. Spectrum analysis showed a higher spectrum density at the lower frequency, that is, at the higher periodicity, which indicated that the variation of PFD penetration was mainly due to the patchy distribution of grass canopy. PFD-available spans along the transects and contour maps were examined to evaluate the microsites fulfilling both PFD and space requirements in the growth of Quercus serrata Thunb. seedlings. More than 75% of the spans with PFD penetration constantly exceeding 0.04 were shorter than 8 cm, which suggests that a large proportion of high PFD spots may not be used by Q. serrata seedlings in the grass canopy because of the limitation of availability in space. The spatial heterogeneity of PFD at small scales may be of great importance in the succession of M. sinensis grass communities. |
| Title: Aufbereitung verschiedener Partikelarten aus Miscanthus sinensis zur Herstellung von Werkstoffen. |
| Author: Dube, H. Kehr, E. |
| Source: Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff. SEP 01 1995 v 53 n 5. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Ecological studies on weeds in cultivated pasture: II. Effects of pasture management and utilization on characteristics of weed development. |
| Author: Kim-Young-Jin; Park-Geun-Je; Choi-Seon-Sik; Hwang-Suk-Joong; Yook-Wan-Bang. |
| Source: RDA-Journal-of-Agricultural-Science-Livestock. 1995; 37 (2) 564-572. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: This study was conducted to determine the effects of management and utilization of pasture, and chemical properties of soil on the weeds development and plant coverage in pasture, 1988-1990. The total places of investigation in this survey were 567 pastures, and those were covered with whole national area, especially Alpine, Northern, Middle-southern and Namwon regions except Cheju. In existed pasture the coverages of weeds were, Erigeron canadensis gt Artemisia princeps gt Digitaria sanguinalis in cutting management, Rumex acetosella gt Erigeron canadensis gt Artemisia princeps in grazing management, and Rumex acetosella gt Capsella bursa-pastoris gt Erigeron canadensis in cutting and grazing management, in that order. In weed development by annual utilization time, the coverages of Artemisia princeps, Rumex acetosella and Erigeron canadensis were increased as the utilization time was increased, while the coverages of Lespedeza bicolor, Sanguisorba officinalis, Quercus dentata, Quercus serrata and Smilax china were decreased. In weed development by fertilization management, the coverages of Plantago asiatica were increased, while those of Artemisia princeps, Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis, Hemistepta lyrata, Polygonum perisicaria, Smilax china and Cocculus trilobus were decreased. |
| Title: Studies on host selection, development and reproduction of Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner). |
| Author: Kawada-Kazuo. |
| Source: Bulletin-of-the-Research-Institute-for-Bioresources-Okayama-University. 1995; 3 (1) 5-10. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: The host selection, development and reproduction of sugarcane aphid, Melanaphis sacchari (Zehntner) were studied. Both alate and apterous virginoparous adults showed a stronger tendency of preference to a susceptible strain of sorghum and Cuba grass, Sorghum helepense (Persoon) than a resistant strain of sorghum and Eulalia, Miscanthus sinensis (Anderss). The number of days for larval development was increased with a decrease in longevity and fecundity in aphids reared on resistant sorghum at 25 degree C under a 16-hour photoperiodic condition. |
| Title: Preliminary study on the biomass of Miscanthus sinensis community on loess plateau of north Shanxi Province. |
| Author: Zhu-Zhicheng-Jia-Donglin. |
| Source: Yingyong-Shengtai-Xuebao. 1995; 6 (3) 265-270. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: Shoot growth, radiation interception and dry matter production and partitioning during the establishment phase of Miscanthus sinensis 'Giganteus' grown at two densities in the UK. |
| Title: NA. |
| Author: Bullard-M-J; Heath-M-C; Nixon-P-M-I. |
| Source: Annals-of-Applied-Biology. 1995; 126 (2) 365-378. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1995 |
| Abstract: Photosynthetic area index (PAI), radiation interception (1) and dry matter partitioning between shoots and roots were measured for Miscanthus sinensis 'Giganteus' grown from micro-propagated transplants on a fertile peaty loam soil in eastern England. In the establishment year, Miscanthus plants produced 35 and 70 shoots plant-1 at densities of 4.0 and 1.8 plants m-2 respectively. At the higher density, there were 140 shoots m-2 with the largest reaching a height of 1.8 m; these canopies attained a maximum PAI of 5.45, intercepting 94% of incident radiation. Leaf lamina contributed c. 90% of total photosynthetic area with stems contributing the remainder. At the lower density, maximum PAI and I values were 2.88 and 86% respectively. PAI was related to I by calculating attenuation coefficients (k); these indicated that Miscanthus canopies were more effective at intercepting radiation per unit PAI at the lower density (k = -0.31) compared with the higher density (k = -0.20). Radiation interception was related to dry matter accumulated by calculating conversion efficiencies (E). At 4 plants m-2, epsilon for shoot dry matter production was 1.17 g MJ-1. Miscanthus partitioned a relatively large amount of total dry matter into below-ground biomass. By plant senescence, c. 30% of total dry matter had been partitioned into root and rhizome; rhizome biomass contributed 80% of below-ground dry matter, epsilon increased to 1.62 g MJ-1 when calculated on a total dry matter basis (shoot + root + rhizome). Total dry matter production was increased 68% by a 2.2-fold increase in plant density. |
| Title: Experimental community ecology in Miscanthus sinensis grassland-Changes of species composition according to mowing frequency. |
| Author: Hayashi, I. |
| Source: Nihon seitai gakkai shi , AUG 01 1994 v 44 n 2. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Seasonal Abundance of an Aphid, Melanaphis yasumatsui (Homoptera), Occurring on Miscanthus on the Taisho lava of the Sakurajima Volcano, Southern Japan, with Reference to the Relation with Ant Community. |
| Author: Okamura-Shoko; Yamane-Seiki. |
| Source: Japanese-Journal-of-Entomology. 1994; 62 (3) 607-615. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: The life cycle of the aphid Melanaphis yasumatsui was studied on the Taisho lava of the Sakurajima volcano, where food source for ants was quite scarce. The aphid was observed on Miscanthus sinensis almost throughout the year, though its density remarkably decreased in summer. In winter the population size became largest. The aphids almost exclusively attacked the back side of leaves, and during summer they preferred older to younger leaves. Alate aphids were seen in spring and fall/winter, but never in large numbers. At least part of the population may have completed its life cycle on Miscanthus. Though the aphids were thought to constitute important potential resources to ants and several ant species did climb up Miscanthus stems, we have never witnessed their attending to the aphids. Nor did we confirm that the aphids produced honeydew. |
| Title: Seasonal abundance of an aphid, Melanaphis yasumatsui (Homoptera), occurring on Miscanthus on the Taisho lava of the Sakurajima volcano, southern Japan with reference to the relation with ant community. |
| Author: Okamura,-S.; Yamane,-S. |
| Source: JAP.-J.-ENTOMOL. 1994 vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 607-615. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: The life cycle of the aphid Melanaphis yasumatsui was studied on the Taisho lava of the Sakurajima volcano, where food source for ants was quite scarce. The aphid was observed on Miscanthus sinensis almost throughout the year, though its density remarkably decreased in summer. In winter the population size became largest. The aphids almost exclusively attacked the back side of leaves, and during summer they preferred older to younger leaves. Alate aphids were seen in spring and fall/winter, but never in large numbers. At least part of the population may have completed its life cycle on Miscanthus. Though the aphids were thought to constitute important potential resources to ants and several ant species did climb up Miscanthus stems, we have never witnessed their attending to the aphids. Nor did we confirm that the aphids produced honeydew. |
| Title: Experimental community ecology in Miscanthus sinensis grassland: Change of species composition according to mowing frequency. |
| Author: Hayashi-Ichiroku. |
| Source: Japanese-Journal-of-Ecology-Sendai. 1994; 44 (2) 161-170. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: The change of species composition in a Miscanthus sinensis community was recorded in experimental stands different in mowing frequency: 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 times in a growing season from May to September in 1971 and 1972. Though the yield was almost the same in the stands mowed from 1 to 4 times, the species composition differed according to mowing frequency. Based on the response to mowing frequency, the constituent species of the grassland were classified into three groups. The first group included species that tolerated removal of above-ground parts by mowing. These species were Miscanthus sinensis, Pteridium aquilinum var. latiusculum, Spodiopogon sibiricus and Solidago virga-aurea var. asiatica. The second group, which showed a reduction of rank in the species sequence of the stand, comprised species such as Erigeron strigosus, Euphrasia maximowiczii, Viola mandshurica and Platycodon grandiflorum. The species belonging to the third group, which showed an increase of rank in the stand as a result of mowing were Carex nervata, Zoysia japonica, and Carex humilis. The frequently mowed stands exhibited a tendency for Erigeron annuus predominance. Mowing the stand increased the species diversity of the community. These results suggest that species increase their rank in the community if they gain an advantage by elimination of competitive species from the stand, even though the plants lose their photosynthetic organs. |
| Title: First report of barley yellow dwarf luteovirus on Miscanthus in the United Kingdom. |
| Author: Christian-D-G; Lamptey-J-N-L; Forde-S-M-D; Plumb-R-T. |
| Source: European-Journal-of-Plant-Pathology. 1994; 100 (2) 167-170. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: Barley yellow dwarf luteovirus (BYDV) was detected in field grown Miscanthus sacchariflorus propagated from root cuttings. Inoculation of BYDV to M. sinensis plants grown from seed had an adverse effect on shoot growth and leaf development. |
| Title: Response of a Miscanthus sinensis grassland in an early successional old-field to fertilization. |
| Author: Song-Jong-Suk. |
| Source: Journal-of-Plant-Biology. 1994; 37 (1) 1-8. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: The effects of fertilization on the structure and function of an early successional Miscanthus sinensis grassland were investigated in an old-field ecosystem at Honjo city, Saitama Prefecture, Japan from 1981 to 1982. Compared to control plot, life form composition of treatment plot was characterized by a decrease of phanerophytes and an increase of hemicryptophytes. Fertilization had a beneficial effect on the growth in aboveground phytomass of M. sinensis, the dominant species. However, it did not cause a change in the total number of stems of M. sinensis. Animal increment of patch diameter of M. sinensis was estimated to be 6-8 cm on an average and there was no significant difference in the growth rate of patch size between fertilized and non-fertilized plots. To estimate the aboveground phytomass of M. sinensis, several non-destructive parameters were examined. As a result, the patch size showed a high correlation with aboveground phytomass. Thus the patch size was suggested to be most applicable to its estimation. Diversity indices band on phytomass data of component species were increased slightly by fertilization, because relative dominance of some other species, especially of Artemisia princeps increased, while that of M. sinensis decreased. Fertilizer application resulted in a decrease in the total number of species. |
| Title: Process of the establishment and maintenance of Sasa grassland in Tsurugi Mountains in Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan. |
| Author: Kamada,-M. |
| Source: BULL.-TOKUSHIMA-PREFECT.-MUS. 1994 no. 4, pp. 97-113. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: In Shikoku mountains, Sasa grasslands are distributed on the ridges and summits of mountains above 1500 m in altitude. The establishment and maintenance process of these grasslands was discussed, in special reference to the human impacts. The field studies were undertaken at Higashi-Iyayama Village in Tokushima Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan. This village locates at the east side of the Shikoku mountains and its altitude varies from 500 m to 1955 m at the summit of Mt. Tsurugi. In this village, almost ridges above 1000 m had been burnt by the farmers to keep the grasslands until 1960. For example, the Ochiai Pass locating at 1520 m in altitude had been burnt every year to keep the Miscanthus sinensis grassland. M. sinensis had been mowed and used as the roof material of the farmer's house. The ridge from Mt. Miune to Mt. Tenguzuka locating from 1700 m to 1900 m in altitude had been burnt every one to three years to collect the edible wild plants. These usages on the ridges might be kept from the middle age. Therefore, human impact with the fire use was the most important factor for the establishment and maintenance of the grasslands in this area. The use of the grasslands on the ridges was abandoned after the 1960s, due to the social change such as population decrease and economic change. The vegetation of the Ochiai Pass, therefore, was changed from M. sinensis dominated grassland to Sasa dominated grassland. Although the strong wind from south and north direction tends to inhibit the succession of the grasslands on the ridges, it has some possibilities that the vegetation change from the grassland to forest will occur in the future. |
| Title: Ornamental grasses for Minnesota. |
| Author: Meyer-M-Hockenberry; White-D-B; Pellett-H. |
| Source: Journal-of-Environmental-Horticulture. 1994; 12 (3) 159-163. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1994 |
| Abstract: One hundred and sixty-five (165) species and cultivars of ornamental grasses and grass-like plants were investigated to determine winter survival in USDA Zone 4a from 1987 to 1993 at the Minnesota Landscape Arboretum, Chanhassen, MN. Eighty-five (85) entries survived and performed well all six years and are considered hardy under the conditions of the experiment. Additionally, 35 entries survived four or five of the six years and are considered marginally hardy. The remaining 45 entries survived no more than two winters and are not hardy in zone 4a. Hardiness varied within species of Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. and Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng.. Saccharum ravennae (L.) Murray, synonym (Erianthus ravennae); Imperata cylindrica L. 'Red Baron'; and Chasmanthium latifolium (Mic.) Yat. were not considered hardy. Some popular genera such as Calamagrostis, Deschampsia, Molinia, and Spodiopogon were reliably hardy throughout the years of the investigation. |
| Title: Syntaxonomy of Miscanthus times giganteus GREEF et DEU. |
| Author: Greef-J-M {a}; Deuter-M. |
| Source: Angewandte-Botanik. 1993; 67 (3-4) 87-90. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1993 |
| Abstract: Miscanthus grasses are perennial C-4 plants with a high biomass per area production. The potential use as sustainable crops in view of energy or fibre use is considered. In particular the species Miscanthus times giganteus GREEF et DEU. is discussed and found to be suitable for the production of energy and/or raw material for the paper industry. The taxonomy and the cytological background of the species is not clearly distinguished. The cytological, anatomical and morphological observation in the present study indicate, that this species have hybrid characteristics with a triploid chromosome set. The origin of the species is unknown and it is proposed, that M. sacchariflorus and probably M. sinensis are involved in the hybridisation. Based on the present results, that this species is to be classified in the section Some unpublished data on adventive or escaped grasses in Belgium. |
| Title: Relationship between vegetation and productivity of grazing native pasture in Aso area. |
| Author: Okamoto-Chinobu; Hattori-Norihumi; Kabata-Kiyotaka; Kikuchi-Masatake. |
| Source: Proceedings-of-School-of-Agriculture-Kyushu-Tokai-University. 1993; 12 (0) 39-48. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1993 |
| Abstract: In order to consider relationship between vegetation and productivity of grazing native pasture, a comparative experiment was carried out between the pasture composed of Arundinella hirta, Pleioblastus chino var. viridis, Zoysia japonica etc. (short-grass type pasture) and the pasture composed of Miscanthus sinensis, Pleioblastus chino var. viridis etc. (tall-grass type pasture). Number of species in the short-grass type pasture was greater than that in the tall-grass type pasture. The tall-grass type pasture had a large difference of the dominance between Miscanthus sinensis as the most dominant species and the second. On the other hand, the difference was smaller in the short-grass type pasture. Available herbage masses in the tall-grass type pasture (400 apprx 490g of Organic Matter/m-2) were higher than those in the short-grass type pasture (190 apprx 280g OM), while degrees of defoliation in the former (ca. 35%) were lower than those in the latter (41 apprx 50%). Moreover, the short-grass type pasture had greater mean regrowth rate (3.0g OM/m-2 cntdot day) of available herbage than that (0.9g OM) in the tall-grass type pasture. Similarly, in vitro dry matter digestibility, crude protein content and digestible energy (DE) content of herbage consumed in the short-grass type pasture were higher than those in the tall-grass type pasture. The grazing capacity maintaining liveweight of cow, which was calculated from total DE consumed per year, was ca. 360 days/ha cntdot 500kg liveweight in the short-grass type pasture and ca. 320 days in the tall-grass type pasture, respectively. It was found that the productivity under grazing or the applicability to grazing was greater in the short-grass type pasture maintained under the condition of high grazing intensity than in the tall-grass type pasture maintained under the condition of low grazing intensity. |
| Title: Establishment of shrub community in native grassland dominated by Miscanthus sinensis under cattle grazing. |
| Author: Nishiwaki-Aya; Sugawara-Kazuo; Ito-Iwao. |
| Source: Journal-of-Japanese-Society-of-Grassland-Science. 1993; 39 (1) 1-6. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1993 |
| Abstract: Two types of plant succession have been known in native grassland under cattle grazing at Kawatabi farm. These are the changes from tall grassland dominated by Miscanthus sinensis to sod grassland dominated by Zoysia japonica and to shrub dominated by Weigela hortensis. The prediction of these succession types will be important because of getting an information of carrying capacity for grazing cattle in the future. In order to recognize the ground that these two types rise in under cattle grazing, we surveyed the depth of humus layer and the coverage of dominant species in three native grasslands with a different grazing history at Kawatabi farm. Surveyed grasslands are named Ungrazed grassland, Grazed A (6 years grazed) and Grazed B (15 years grazed). Results are as follows. 1. There are close relationships between slope shape and the depth of humus layer. The depth of humus layer at the convex slope site was thin (25 cm-50 cm), and at the concave slope site was deep (50 cm-110 cm). 2. In the Ungrazed grassland, Miscanthus sinensis dominated and partly Sasa palmata and W. hortensis, S. palmata distributed at the thin humus layer site and W. hortensis distributed at the deep humus layer site. 3. The coverage of M. sinensis in Grazed A was lower than that in Ungrazed grassland. The plant community at the deep humus layer site of Grazed A was dominated by W. hortensis. Z. japonica distributed at some stands at the thin humus layer site. 4. Grazed B was dominated by Z. japonica and W. hortensis. The former only appeared at the thin humus layer site and the latter at the deep humus layer site. The native grassland under grazing shows a different type of plant succession between convex slope and concave slope. At the convex slope, tall grasslands dominated by S. palmata and M. sinensis changed to sod grassland dominated by Z. japonica. At the concave slope, M. sinensis community changed by grazing to shrub dominated by W. hortensis. |
| Title: Postemergence applied herbicides for use on ornamental grasses. |
| Author: Gilliam-Charles-H; Keever-Gary-J; Eakes-D-Joseph; Fare-Dona-C. |
| Source: Journal-of-Environmental-Horticulture. 1992; 10 (3) 136-139. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1992 |
| Abstract: Postemergence-applied, grass-active herbicides registered for use in the landscape were applied over-the-top of four ornamental grass species to evaluate tolerance in 1990 and 1991. All herbicides caused some injury to all grass species. Growth indices of dwarf fountain grass (Pennisetum alopecuroides L.K. Spreng. 'Hameln)' and pampas grass (Cortaderia selloana Schult. & Schult. f. Asch & Graebn. 'Rosea') treated with the low rate of Poast (sethoxydim) was similar to that of the nontreated plants in both years. Acclaim (fenoxaprop-ethyl) caused less injury to purple maiden grass (Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. 'Purpurescens') and maiden gras (M. sinensis Anderss 'Gracillimus') than Poast and Fusilade 2000 (fluazifop). Both Acclaim rates resulted in similar growth indices to that of nontreated plants. Flowering was reduced in three of the four grass species with all grass active herbicide treatments; the fourth species did not flower. |
| Title: Sunflower, yellow lupin, Miscanthus sinensis and winter vetch harvested at different stages of development. |
| Author: Moller-Erik. |
| Source: Tidsskrift-for-Planteavl. 1992; 96 (3) 257-270. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1992 |
| Abstract: The report presents results from experiments and digestibility trials to highlight the influence of development on the yield, quality and feeding value of sunflower, Helianthus annus L., and yellow lupin, Lupinus luteus L., and the quality and feeding value of Miscanthus sinensis and winter vetch, Vicia villosa Roth. The experiments and digestibility trials were conducted with sunflower in 1977 and 1978, yellow lupin and Miscanthus sinensis in 1986 and winter vetch in 1989 and 1990. The yield of sunflower increased to 6,400-7,200 FU-C per ha at on set of ceasing to flower. The yield of yellow lupin increased from 4,400 to 6,200 FU-C per ha about 120 days after emergence when sown 10 April and 15 May respectively. Sunflower harvested at onset of ceasing to flower, yellow lupin harvested 120 days after emergence, Miscanthus sinensis harvested 4 July and winter vetch harvested about 2 weeks after initial flowering contained 675-700 g DOM (in vivo) and 0.75-0.85 FU-C in sunflower and yellow lupins changed only slightly with ensiling. The content of digested CP (in vivo) in sunflower and Miscanthus sinensis was virtually as expected from the content of CP, but the content was a little higher in yellow lupin and lower in winter vetch. Yellow lupin and winter vetch deviated only a little from clover, where the cell content is higher and the content of CF, NDF and especially the content of soluble cell walls (SCW, mostly hemicellulose) is lower than the content in grass. Miscanthus sinensis deviated a little from straw of barley and winter wheat, where the cell content is lower and the content of CF, NDF, SCW and ADF is higher than that of straw. |
| Title: Mycological studies on the ergot in Japan (XXIII). Taxonmic reexamination or ergots on eulalia (Miscanthus sinensis) and its allies. |
| Author: Tanda, Seinosuke. |
| Source: Tokyo Nogyo Daigaku nogaku shuho. , MAR 01 1991 v 35 n 4 , 213. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1991 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Growth analysis of Quercus serrata seedlings within Miscanthus sinensis grass canopies differing in light availability. |
| Author: Tang,-Y.; Washitani,-I.; Tsuchiya,-T.; Iwaki,-H. |
| Source: ECOL.-RES. 1990. vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 367-376. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1990 |
| Abstract: The effects of different light regimes on the survival, growth and morphology of Quercus serrata seedlings were studied in canopies of Miscanthus sinensis . The seedlings of various ages (0-3 yr) were grown in three light regimes: under a dense M. sinensis canopy (TG plot) receiving 2.5%-8.7% of full sunlight, under a relatively sparse canopy (SG plot) receiving 3.8%-16.1% of light and in an adjacent open site (NG plot). There was a little difference in the survival of Q. serrata seedlings among the three plots. Height and diameter of stem and total leaf area of the seedlings were significantly lower in the shadier plots. However, the first (bottom) flush of the stem was significantly longer in the TG plot than in the NG and SG plots. Total dry weights of individuals 1- and 2-yr-old Q. serrata seedlings in the TG plot were reduced to about one-twelfth of those in the NG plot. |
| Title: Growth analysis of Quercus serrata seedlings within Miscanthus sinensis grass canopies differing in light availability. |
| Author: Tang, Y. Washitani, I. Tsuchiya, T. |
| Source: Journal Info Ecological research. DEC 01 1990 v 5 n 3 367. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1990 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Growth and chemical composition of Japanese Pampas Grass (Miscanthus sinensis) with special reference to the formation of dark-colored Andisols in Northeastern Japan. |
| Author: Shoji, S. Kurebayashi, T. Yamada, I. |
| Source: Soil science and plant nutrition. MAR 01 1990 v 36 n 1 105. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1990 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Spatial heterogeneity photon flux density in the canopy Miscanthus sinensis. |
| Author: Tang, Y.- H. Washitani, I. Tsuchiya, T. |
| Source: Ecological research. DEC 01 1989 v 4 n 3 339. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1989 |
| Abstract: NA |
| Title: Two flatid nymphs from Taiwan (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea). |
| Author: Tsaur,-Shun-Chern. |
| Source: J.-TAIWAN-MUS. 1989 vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 31-35. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1989 |
| Abstract: The 5th instar nymph of Mimophantia maritima Matsumura together with the 4th and 5th instar nymphs of Salurnis marginellus Guerin are described and illustrated in detail. They were observed feeding on leaves of Miscanthus sinensis Anders and Mussaenda parviflora Matsum, respectively. |
| Title: Size structure of silvergrass (Vulpia spp.) populations in direct drilled wheat. |
| Author: Forcella, F. |
| Source: Australian weeds. 1984. v. 3 (1) Pages p. 3-5. |
| Source Type: Book |
| Publication Date: 1984 |
| Abstract: NA |
< Back
Next >
Back To Invasives Species Index
|
|
