SAIN Invasive Plant Pests Resource Collection for: Tufted knotweed
Species (scientific name): Polygonum caespitosum
| Title: Dynamic phenotypic plasticity for root growth in polygonum: A comparative study. |
| Author: Bell-Daniela-L; Sultan-Sonia-E. |
| Source: American-Journal-of-Botany. June, 1999; 86 (6): 807-819. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1999 |
| Abstract: Species differences in patterns of phenotypic plasticity may be an important aspect of adaptive diversity. Plasticity for functionally important root traits was studied in inbred field lineages of Polygonum persicaria and P. cespitosum (Polygonaceae). Replicate seedlings were grown in plexiglass rhizotrons under a range of constant and temporally variable moisture treatments. Plasticity was determined for final whole-plant biomass, root biomass allocation, and absolute and proportional root length. The dynamic aspect of root plasticity was examined by digitizing weekly tracings of the proportional deployment of each plant's root system to different vertical soil layers. Plants of both species expressed significant functionally adaptive phenotypic plasticity in the relative allocation, length, and vertical deployment of root systems in response to contrasting moisture conditions. Plasticity patterns in these closely related species were in general qualitatively similar, but for mosttraits differed in the magnitude and/or the timing of the plastic response. Dynamic changes in root deployment were more marked as well as faster in P. persicaria. Species differences in patterns of individual plasticity were generally consistent with the broader ecological distribution of P. persicaria in diverse as well as temporally variable moisture habitats. |
| Title: Physiological response to complex environments in annual Polygonum species of contrasting ecological breadth. |
| Author: Sultan-S-E {a}; Wilczek-A-M; Bell-D-L; Hand-G. |
| Source: Oecologia-Berlin. July, 1998; 115 (4) 564-578. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: Individual physiological response to complex environments is a major factor in the ecological breadth of species. This study compared individual patterns of both long-term and short-term response to controlled, multifactorial environments in four annual Polygonum species that differ in field distribution (P. cespitosum, P. hydropiper, P. lapathifolium, and P. persicaria). To test long-term response, instantaneous net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance were measured in situ on one full-sib replicate from five inbred lineages from each of five field populations per species, raised in all possible combinations of low or high light; dry, moist, or flooded soil; and poor or rich nutrient status. Short-term plastic adjustment to changes in light level was examined by switching individual plants of the four species from one of six multifactorial growth environments to the contrasting light environment, and measuring assimilation rates 1 h after transfer. The Polygonum species differed significantly in their patterns of long-term photosynthetic response to particular resources and resource combinations. The species known to have relatively broad ecological distributions (P. persicaria and P. lapathifolium) maintained high photosynthetic performance in a variety of moisture and nutrient environments when grown in high light, while the more narrowly distributed P. hydropiper maintained such functional levels only if given both high light and ample macronutrients. P. cespitosum, a species limited to shaded habitats, maintained low photosynthetic rates across the environmental range. Complex differences among the species in instantaneous water use efficiency (WUE) reflected their highly specific and to some extent independent patterns of photosynthetic and stomatal response to the multifactorial environments. The species also differed significantly in short-term physiological adjustment to changes in light level. Plants of P. persicaria and P. cespitosum reached 78% and 98%, respectively, of their maximum photosynthetic rates 1 h after transfer from low to high light, but P. hydropiper and P. lapathifolium plants reached only c. 60% of their maximum rates. When switched from high to low light, P. persicaria and P. cespitosum plants maintained 64-76% of their maximum rates, while P. hydropiper and P. lapathifolium plants decreased photosynthetic rates sharply to less than 50% of their maximum rates. These results indicate that the latter two species will be less able to maintain effective functional levels in variable light environments, a result consistent with their distributions in the field. |
| Title: Notes on the flora of Texas with additions and other significant records. |
| Author: Brown-Larry-E {a}; Marcus-Stuart-J. |
| Source: SIDA-Contributions-to-Botany. Oct., 1998; 18 (1) 315-324. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1998 |
| Abstract: The following 15 taxa are documented new to Texas:Alternanthera sessilis, Cyperus eragrostis, Urochloa ramosa, Lindernia crustaceaa, Phyllanthus fraternus, Stellaria parva, Alysicarpus vaginalis, Cardamine debilis, Rhynchospora debilis, Lilaeopsis chinensis, Rumex paraguayensis, Saccharum coarctatum, Utricularia foliosa, Polygonum meisnerianum, and Cuscuta polygonorum. Significant new collections records are provided for five: Scirpus cubense, Polygonum cespitosum, Phyllanthus niruri, Ludwigia microcarpa, and Armoracia lacustris. Data are presented to question the presence of Eleocharis compressa in Texas. Taxa are listed alphabetically by family, genus, and species with annotations and citation of voucher specimens. |
| Title: Some significant Iowa plant records from the herbarium of University of Nebraska at Omaha. |
| Author: Wilson-Barbara-L. |
| Source: Journal-of-the-Iowa-Academy-of-Science. 1993; 100 (3-4) 87-89. |
| Source Type: Journal |
| Publication Date: 1993 |
| Abstract: The herbarium of University of Nebraska at Omaha is underutilized as a source of Iowa plant records. Its holdings include Ballota nigra, Carex hyalinolepis, Carex radiata, Cassia obtusifolia, Liatris lanceolata, Polygonum cespitosum, Solanum interius, and Tradescantia occidentalis, species not reported previously from Iowa, as well as species considered endangered in the state and uncommon hybrid grasses and vervains. |
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