Hawaiian Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR)
image of Puccinia psidii
image of Puccinia psidii
image of Puccinia psidii
Puccinia psidii
is a rust (a type of plant pathogen) native to Brazil with a very broad host range in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae).
Puccinia psidii
can have very serious consequences to various species of plants in the Myrtaceae.
This family includes
guava
(the original host of this rust in Brazil), (External)
eucalyptus
, (External)
melaleuca
, and a number of species native to Hawaii, including some endemic species (found nowhere else on Earth) and at least one important native forest tree.
There are numerous strains of the
Puccinia psidii
rust--some known to be established in Florida, and at least one reported from California--and it is feared by some concerned scientists that strains may exist--or could mutate into existence--that could be devastating to ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
), one of Hawaii's dominant native trees, a
foundation species
for many remaining Hawaiian native ecosystems.
An analysis of the risk of introduction of additional strains of the rust
Puccinia psidii
Winter (ohia rust) to Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
This 2008 analysis of the risk of introduction of additional strains of the rust
Puccinia psidii
to Hawaii provided a basis for Hawaii Department of Agriculture's interim rule regulating importation of plant in the myrtle family, in place for 12 months after its enactment on August 28, 2007.
(External) Preventing new strains of ohia rust (HISC)
important item
Preventing new strains of ohia rust (
Puccinia psidii
) is a priority of the Hawaii Invasive Species Council (HISC).
Introductions of new strains of this rust pose significant threats Hawaii's one million acres of ohia (
Metrosideros
[Myrtaceae]), endemic trees that make up to 80 percent of the native Hawaiian forest.
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
) in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index for ohia rust and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on rose apple in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
Import ban to affect shipments to Hawaii florists
To prevent imports of the ohia diease
Puccinia psidii
, the Hawaii Department of Agriculture has banned plants from the Myrtaceae family from California, Florida and South America that could be disease hosts (Honolulu Advertiser, 9/6/2007).
important item
The importance of the threat of the so-called "ohia rust" to the future of Hawaii's native forest is highlighted in this December 2008 Maui News article written by Dr. Lloyd Loope for the (External)
Maui Invasive Species Committee
's series "
Kiai Moku
" ("guarding the island").
Ohia rust threat is as large as ever, but ban on imports is allowed to lapse
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
In 2007, in response to the alarm raised by natural resource managers, the Hawaii State Department of Agriculture adopted an emergency rule banning the import of Myrtaceae plants and plant parts from the states of California and Florida and from Central and South America.
When the rule expired in late August 2008, the DOA was still working on a permanent rule.
(External)
Hawaii restrictions on importation of all Myrtaceae plants
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Ohia rust regulations in Hawaii resulted in this phytosanitary advisory from the State of California Department of Food and Agriculture (19 November 2007).
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on rose apple in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
) in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index for ohia rust and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: PaDIL species content page
Images and description of host symptoms caused by Eucalyptus rust,
Puccinia psidii
, are on this Pest and Diseases Image Library page.
important item
Genetic markers for
Puccinia psidii
were developed and characterized (Molecular Ecology, 2007).
important item
An accurate and sensitive species-species specific DNA detection assay has been developed for
Puccinia psidii
that can serve a variety of important uses, including at-the-border quarantine protection.
("Independent testing in Brazil and Australia demonstrated the international inter-laboratory transferability of the
P. psidii
assay required for germplasm screening, disease monitoring and quarantine and incursion management, towards which the assay has already been employed.")
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: diagnostic fact sheet for an "invasive and emerging fungal pathogen" (USDA/ARS)
This diagnostic fact sheet from USDA/ARS* about
Puccinia psidii
includes information about its life history, hosts, and geographic distribution, as well as diagnostic images (including microscopic views) (*U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service).
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
) in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index for ohia rust and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on rose apple in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
Uredinales species pathogenic on species of Myrtaceae
Simpson, J.A.,
K. Thomas, and
C.A. Grgurinovic.
2006.
Uredinales species pathogenic on species of Myrtaceae.
Australasian Plant Pathology 35(5) 549-562.
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
(External)
Hawaii restrictions on importation of all Myrtaceae plants
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Ohia rust regulations in Hawaii resulted in this phytosanitary advisory from the State of California Department of Food and Agriculture (19 November 2007).
(External)
A new rust occurring on ohia,
Metrosideros polymorpha
A rust--tentatively identified as
Puccinia psidii
--has been found on nursery seedlings of ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
).
This could be a new disease to Hawaii's most common forest tree.
CTAHR has issued this pest alert in response to a rust occurring on the Hawaiian native tree
Metrosideros polymorpha
and other species.
(External)
2005 Annual Report for Hawaii Department of Agriculture (HDOA)
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Projects involving invasive species are reviewed in the 2005 HDOA annual report.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
images
Images of
Puccinia psidii
rust on ohia are from The Plant Doctor, a University of Hawaii service that provides information and online diagnosis for plant pathogens and diseases in Hawaii and the tropics.
(External) Rust ruins rose apple; guardians fear for ohia
important item
The importance of the threat of the so-called "ohia rust" to the future of Hawaii's native forest is highlighted in this December 2008 Maui News article written by Dr. Lloyd Loope for the (External)
Maui Invasive Species Committee
's series "
Kiai Moku
" ("guarding the island").
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: a threat to the Australian environment and economy: a review
Glen
et al.
(2007) provide an updated summary of
Puccinia psidii
distribution.
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
(External)
Fungus/host database records for
Puccinia psidii
Citation records of fungus-host interactions for
Puccinia psidii
are compiled by the USDA Agriculture Research Service's Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory Fungus-Host Distributions Database.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
on allspice and related plants
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Guava rust was discovered on an allspice tree in Miami in 1977 and later in other areas of Florida.
These incidences represent the first reports of
Puccinia psidii
on the North American continent.
Images, symptoms, and disease development are provided (Bureau of Plant Pathology, Florida, 1985).
Ohia: backbone of Hawaii's terrestrial ecosystems and culture
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
A poster about the importance of ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
) in Hawaii's native forest was presented at at International Union of Forestry Research Organizations' Conference on Invasive Species in International Trade in May, 2008.
(PDF size: 425Kb)
(Also available as a
tabloid-sized PDF
[PDF size: 620Kb].)
(Citation: Buermeyer, K., L. Loope, A.M. La Rosa, and R. Hauff. 2008. Ohia: backbone of Hawaii's terrestrial ecosystems and culture. Poster presentation at International Union of Forestry Research Organizations' Conference on Invasive Species in International Trade, Shepherdstown, West Virginia, USA, May 27-30, 2008.)
important item
The importance of the threat of the so-called "ohia rust" to the future of Hawaii's native forest is highlighted in this December 2008 Maui News article written by Dr. Lloyd Loope for the (External)
Maui Invasive Species Committee
's series "
Kiai Moku
" ("guarding the island").
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
This 2008 analysis of the risk of introduction of additional strains of the rust
Puccinia psidii
to Hawaii provided a basis for Hawaii Department of Agriculture's interim rule regulating importation of plant in the myrtle family, in place for 12 months after its enactment on August 28, 2007.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: Threat to the Australian environment and economy
This article has a good section on potential methodology for control of
Puccinia psidii
in nursery situations as well as the limited possibilities for eradication of very new incipient populations through concerted rapid response.
Puccinia psidii
causes a rust disease on a broad range of hosts in the Myrtaceae and Heteropyxidaceae. It is native to South America where it can cause severe disease in eucalypt plantations and other introduced Myrtaceae. The pathogen has recently expanded its geographical range to Hawaii, increasing concerns about the potential for an incursion in Australia. This paper reviews the taxonomy, biology, impact and options for control of
Puccinia psidii
. It also discusses the probable impact if an incursion were to occur in Australia and the preparations that must be made to mitigate adverse consequences.
(External)
Breeding guava for resistance to rust caused by
Puccinia psidii
in Brazil
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Individual guava plants not affected by
Puccinia psidii
rust were selected for use in a breeding program to develop rust-resistant varieties (Canadian Society for Horticultural Science symposium abstract, 2002).
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: a threat to the Australian environment and economy: a review
Glen
et al.
(2007) provide an updated summary of
Puccinia psidii
distribution.
(External) Preventing new strains of ohia rust (HISC)
important item
Preventing new strains of ohia rust (
Puccinia psidii
) is a priority of the Hawaii Invasive Species Council (HISC).
Introductions of new strains of this rust pose significant threats Hawaii's one million acres of ohia (
Metrosideros
[Myrtaceae]), endemic trees that make up to 80 percent of the native Hawaiian forest.
important item
An accurate and sensitive species-species specific DNA detection assay has been developed for
Puccinia psidii
that can serve a variety of important uses, including at-the-border quarantine protection.
("Independent testing in Brazil and Australia demonstrated the international inter-laboratory transferability of the
P. psidii
assay required for germplasm screening, disease monitoring and quarantine and incursion management, towards which the assay has already been employed.")
(External) Hawaii Board of Agriculture actions for the 28 August 2007 meeting
important item
Requests for quarantine measures to control varroa mite and ohia rusts are approved.
(External)
Assessment of eucalypt rust as a pathogen
of
Eucalyptus
spp. and other Myrtaceae, and development of sensitive methods
for its detection in germplasm in Australia
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
The susceptibility of species to
Puccinia psidii
was investigated, a DNA-based 'fingerprint' was developed for the unequivocal identification of
P. psidii
, and through bioclimatic modelling, regions were identified where the rust could be expected to cause severe epidemics in native vegetation and plantations.
This research report was prepared by ACIAR, Australia (2007).
important item
Requests for quarantine measures to control varroa mite and ohia rusts are approved.
(External)
Hawaii restrictions on importation of all Myrtaceae plants
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Ohia rust regulations in Hawaii resulted in this phytosanitary advisory from the State of California Department of Food and Agriculture (19 November 2007).
(External)
HDOA restrictions on the importation into Hawaii of plants and plant parts in the family Myrtaceae
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
"Restrictions on the importation into Hawaii of plants and plant parts in the family Myrtaceae" (Hawaii State Department of Agriculture Plant Quarantine Interim Rule 07-2) was implemented for one year beginning 28 August 2007.
Ohia rust threat is as large as ever, but ban on imports is allowed to lapse
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
In 2007, in response to the alarm raised by natural resource managers, the Hawaii State Department of Agriculture adopted an emergency rule banning the import of Myrtaceae plants and plant parts from the states of California and Florida and from Central and South America.
When the rule expired in late August 2008, the DOA was still working on a permanent rule.
(External)
Eucalyptus rust caused by
Puccinia psidii
and the threat it poses to Australia
"Puccinia psidii, which causes the disease Eucalyptus rust, poses a threat to biodiversity in Australia and the Eucalyptus forest industry worldwide. It is native to South America and Central America and has spread to North America (Mexico, USA - Florida). In mid-2005, the rust was reported in Hawaii, USA, which means it is now present in the Pacific region."
new posting
Images of
Puccinia psidii
("ohia rust") are provided by Forest & Kim Starr.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: diagnostic fact sheet for an "invasive and emerging fungal pathogen" (USDA/ARS)
This diagnostic fact sheet from USDA/ARS* about
Puccinia psidii
includes information about its life history, hosts, and geographic distribution, as well as diagnostic images (including microscopic views) (*U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service).
(External)
Rose apple (
Syzigium jambos
) on Maui infected with the rust
Puccinia psidii
Images of rose apple (
Syzigium jambos
) on Maui infected with the rust
Puccinia psidii
are presented online by Maui photographer Philip Thomas, and are freely available for noncommercial use.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
images
Images of
Puccinia psidii
rust on ohia are from The Plant Doctor, a University of Hawaii service that provides information and online diagnosis for plant pathogens and diseases in Hawaii and the tropics.
(External)
Image of
Puccinia psidii
on fruit
An infestation of
Puccinia psidii
on goiabeira fruit is among the images of plant material infected by various pathogens.
(External)
"Guava rust" (
Puccinia psidii
) on guava (
Psidium guajava
): APSNET image of the week
"[
Puccinia psidii
] is the most important disease of guava trees in Brazil. Young leaves, flower buds, flowers, young fruit and green shoots are infected.... Control of guava rust can be obtained with fungicides and cultural methods. This rust disease is a serious potential threat to natural forests and plantations of
Eucalyptus
spp. in both Southern Africa and Australia." (from document)
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on rose apple in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
Disease index for the rust
Puccinia psidii
on ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
) in Hawaii
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Illustrations help define the categories for this disease index for ohia rust and a field survey form is available for reporting
Puccinia psidii
rust disease (University of Hawaii).
(External)
AQIS field guide to exotic pests and diseases: eucalyptus rust
Eucalyptus rust images and brief overview are provided by Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service's field guide to exotic pests and diseases.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
images
Plant symptoms and micrographs of
Puccinia psidii
are on the Forestry Images site.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
: PaDIL species content page
Images and description of host symptoms caused by Eucalyptus rust,
Puccinia psidii
, are on this Pest and Diseases Image Library page.
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
When Hawaii Department of Agriculture inspectors on Maui were intercepting
Puccinia psidii
on myrtle (
Mytrus communis
) from California shippers based in several counties, in 2006-2007, this newsletter on the internet provided the only supplementary information to confirm the presence of
Puccinia psidii
in California.
This may not be surprising since USDA-APHIS considers
Puccinia psidii
a non-actionable, non-reportable pest (because it has been established with no control program in the USA [Florida] for over 30 years."
(External)
Recent history of
Puccinia psidii
on Myrtaceae in Florida
Puccinia psidii
rust disease has for a few decades been found almost exclusively on one host in Florida, but has increased its host range dramatically in the state and has become an increasing problem for commercial nurseries, homeowners and native stands of certain Myrtaceous host plants (scroll to bottom of screen for this University of Florida article).
(External)
Eucalyptus rust: a disease with the potential for serious international implications
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Coutinho
et al.
present a good summary of the known distribution of
Puccinia psidii
as of 1998.
"The economic losses due to this disease [ed.:
Puccinia psidii
] are the result of infections of seedlings, young trees, and coppice....
It has apparently originated on native Myrtaceae in South America and is highly infective on some Eucalyptus spp. planted there. P. psidii causes one of the most serious forestry diseases in Brazil and is considered to be the most serious threat to eucalypt plantations worldwide. Advances in eucalyptus rust research are reviewed here, with a focus on topics such as distribution, host range, pathogen specialization, symptomatology, etiology, epidemiology, and control."
(External)
Puccinia psidii
on
Eucalyptus globulus
in Uruguay
"
Puccinia psidii
is native to South and Central America and the Caribbean, where it causes a serious leaf and shoot disease of a wide range of Myrtaceae (Coutinho et al., 1998). These include the native
Psidium guajava
(guava) and introduced
Eucalyptus
species (Ferreira, 1983). In 2002 a rust fungus was observed causing severe damage to one-year old trees during a routine disease survey of
E. globulus
in Uruguay...."
(External)
Puccinia psidii
on allspice and related plants
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Guava rust was discovered on an allspice tree in Miami in 1977 and later in other areas of Florida.
These incidences represent the first reports of
Puccinia psidii
on the North American continent.
Images, symptoms, and disease development are provided (Bureau of Plant Pathology, Florida, 1985).
(External) Puccinia psidii : a threat to the Australian environment and economy: a review
important item
Glen
et al.
(2007) provide an updated summary of
Puccinia psidii
distribution.
Rust ruins rose apple; guardians fear for ohia
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
USGS scientist Lloyd Loope discusses the potential impacts of the pathogen
Puccinia psidii
on Hawaii's native forests.
He says: "Enforcement of stringent Hawaii quarantine
regulations would seem to provide the only effective means of protecting our ohia forest. If we lose ohia, we lose our forest."
(External) Rust ruins rose apple; guardians fear for ohia
important item
The importance of the threat of the so-called "ohia rust" to the future of Hawaii's native forest is highlighted in this December 2008 Maui News article written by Dr. Lloyd Loope for the (External)
Maui Invasive Species Committee
's series "
Kiai Moku
" ("guarding the island").
(External)
Trees dying off
"Forestry experts fear that a virulent fungus killing rose apple trees on Oahu may spread to ohia trees and other vulnerable native p lants."
(External)
Trees dying off (Star Bulletin 8/24/2008)
A virulent fungus killing rose apple trees on Oahu may spread to ohia trees and other vulnerable native plants.
(External)
Import ban to affect shipments to Hawaii florists
To prevent imports of the ohia diease
Puccinia psidii
, the Hawaii Department of Agriculture has banned plants from the Myrtaceae family from California, Florida and South America that could be disease hosts (Honolulu Advertiser, 9/6/2007).
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
(External)
Eucalyptus rust: a disease with the potential for serious international implications
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
important item
Coutinho
et al.
present a good summary of the known distribution of
Puccinia psidii
as of 1998.
"The economic losses due to this disease [ed.:
Puccinia psidii
] are the result of infections of seedlings, young trees, and coppice....
It has apparently originated on native Myrtaceae in South America and is highly infective on some Eucalyptus spp. planted there. P. psidii causes one of the most serious forestry diseases in Brazil and is considered to be the most serious threat to eucalypt plantations worldwide. Advances in eucalyptus rust research are reviewed here, with a focus on topics such as distribution, host range, pathogen specialization, symptomatology, etiology, epidemiology, and control."
(External)
Host range of
Puccinia psidii
, a potential biological control agent of
Melaleuca quinquenervia
in Florida
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Puccinia psidii
caused disease symptoms on
M. quinquenervia
, including distortion
and abscission of young foliage and dieback of severely infected tips (Rayachhetry, M. B., T.K., Van, T.D. Center, and M. Elliott. 2001.
Host range of Puccinia psidii, a potential biological control agent of Melaleuca quinquenervia in Florida.
Biological Control 22:38-45.)
(NOTE:
Puccinia psidii
would never be considered for importation as a biological control agent, given its reputation for broad host range within the Myrtaceae; it reached Florida in the late 1970s, but was not introduced as a biocontrol agent.)
(External)
Puccinia psidii
attacks melaleuca
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Biocontrol of invasive melaleuca with the rust
Puccinia psidii
may be considered after researchers discover a natural epiphytotic in Florida (Plant Disease, 1997).
(External)
Herbário Uredinológico "Victória Rossetti"
Images of
Puccinia psidii
spores accompany this article from Brazil (in Portugese).
(External)
Molecular diagnosis of
Puccinia psidii
(guava rust) - a quarantine threat to Australian eucalypt and Myrtaceae biodiversity
A species-specific detection assay for guava rust was developed for germplasm screening, disease monitoring and quarantine and incursion management (abstract, Plant Pathology, 2008).
Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) in Hawaii
Uchida, Janice Y.,
Robert C. Anderson,
Chris Y. Kadooka,
Anne Marie LaRosa, and
Cheresa Coles.
2008.
Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) in Hawaii.
CTAHR Plant Disease publication PD-38, Feb. 2008.
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR).
Honolulu.
16 pp.
illus.
Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on rose apple in Hawaii
Anderson, Robert C. and
Janet Y. Uchida.
2008.
Disease index for the rust Puccinia psidii on rose apple in Hawaii.
CTAHR Plant Disease publication PD-38, Feb. 2008.
College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR).
Honolulu.
12 pp.
illus.
Uredinales species pathogenic on species of Myrtaceae
Simpson, J.A.,
K. Thomas, and
C.A. Grgurinovic.
2006.
Uredinales species pathogenic on species of Myrtaceae.
Australasian Plant Pathology 35(5) 549-562.
Eucalyptus rust: A disease with the potential for serious international implications.
Coutinho, T.A.,
M.J. Wingfield,
A.C. Alfenas, and
P.W. Crous.
1998.
Eucalyptus rust: A disease with the potential for serious international implications.
Plant Dis. 82:819-825.
(External)
Resistance to rust (
Puccinia psidii
) in eucalyptus: mode of inheritance and mapping of a major gene with RAPD markers (abstract)
The resistance to rust is genetically controlled in eucalyptus and is one of the few examples of the involvement of a major gene in a non-coevolved pathosystem (Theoretical and Applied Genetics, 2003).
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
(External)
Interactive association between
Puccinia psidii
and
Oxyops vitiosa
, two introduced natural enemies of
Melaleuca quinquenervia
in Florida (abstract)
Puccina psidii
and
Oxyops vitiosa
influence each other's life cycle and possibly antagonize each other's effects as biological control agents of
M. quinquenervia
because both agents compete for newly expanding foliar tissues for colonization, reproduction, and survival during their early stages of development.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
attacks jaboticaba
Fungal rust caused by
Puccinia psidii
on jaboticaba may be alleviated by pruning to increase aeration, according to this Brazilian column.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
attacks melaleuca
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Biocontrol of invasive melaleuca with the rust
Puccinia psidii
may be considered after researchers discover a natural epiphytotic in Florida (Plant Disease, 1997).
(External)
Ecological studies of
Puccinia psidii
(in Portugese)
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Temperature effects on the germination of
Puccinia psidii
spores are part of this summary of a thesis from Universidade Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo (6/21/2001).
(External)
Puccinia psidii
on
Eucalyptus globulus
in Uruguay
"
Puccinia psidii
is native to South and Central America and the Caribbean, where it causes a serious leaf and shoot disease of a wide range of Myrtaceae (Coutinho et al., 1998). These include the native
Psidium guajava
(guava) and introduced
Eucalyptus
species (Ferreira, 1983). In 2002 a rust fungus was observed causing severe damage to one-year old trees during a routine disease survey of
E. globulus
in Uruguay...."
(External)
Heteropyxis natalensis
, a new host of
Puccinia psidii
rust (abstract)
The first species outside the Myrtaceae shown to be susceptible to
P. psidii
is a South African tree (Australasian Plant Pathology,
2005).
(External)
References to scientific articles on
Puccinia
rust in Hawaii
Images of ohia rust and references with links to sources are presented by the University of Hawaii College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources.
(External)
Ohia rust information from CTAHR Hawaii Forestry Extension
Links to good information about ohia rust (
Puccinia psidii
) and its hosts are presented by the Hawaii Forestry Extension (CTAHR/University of Hawaii).
(External)
Eucalyptus rust contingency plan developed
Australian plant health authorities are better prepared for an incursion of eucalyptus rust (also known as guava rust) with the completion of a contingency plan for the disease (article in Plant Protection News, 3/2008).
(External)
AQIS field guide to exotic pests and diseases: eucalyptus rust
Eucalyptus rust images and brief overview are provided by Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service's field guide to exotic pests and diseases.
(External)
Puccinia psidii
information from CTAHR (Univ. Hawaii)
A rust (ed.: subsequently identified as
Puccinia psidii
) was reported found on nursery seedlings of ohia (
Metrosideros polymorpha
), one of Hawaii's most common forest trees.
(External)
Interaction between fungal rust
Puccinia psidii
and Australian weevil
Oxyops vitiosa
, on
Melaleuca quinquenervia
in Florida.
View info about Adobe Acrobat PDF format
Rust fungus and Australian weevil, two naturalized enemies of melaleuca, compete for newly expanding foliar tissue and may antagonize each other's effects as biocontrol agents of melaleuca (Rayamajhi, M.B., T.K. Van, P.D. Pratt, and T.D. Center.
2006.
Interactive association between
Puccinia psidii
and
Oxyops vitiosa
, two introduced natural enemies of
Melaleuca quinquenervia
in Florida.
Biological Control. 37:56-67.)
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